Mold is a common occurrence in the natural world, and unfortunately, it can also appear in our food. A key concern surrounding mold in food is the potential presence of mycotoxins. But can mold in food really make you sick? Understanding the risks associated with mycotoxins and how they contaminate our food supply is crucial for making informed decisions about food safety.
Mycotoxins are toxins produced by molds, and their presence in crops is a widespread issue in agriculture. Studies suggest that a significant portion, up to 25% of the world’s grain crops, may be contaminated with these substances (12). This contamination can affect various types of foods.
Which Foods are Most at Risk?
A wide range of crops can be affected by mycotoxin contamination, including staples like corn, oats, and rice. Other susceptible foods include nuts, spices, as well as various fruits and vegetables.
Factors Contributing to Mycotoxin Formation
Several environmental factors can influence the formation of mycotoxins. Droughts, for example, can weaken plants, making them more vulnerable to damage and infestation (11, 13). This creates an environment where molds can thrive and produce mycotoxins.
Furthermore, animal products such as meat, milk, and eggs can also be sources of mycotoxins if the animals have consumed contaminated feed. The way food is stored also plays a significant role, as warm and moist conditions can promote mycotoxin formation during storage (12, 13).
Regulation and Monitoring of Mycotoxins
Given the potential risks, the food industry implements methods to monitor mycotoxin levels. In fact, around 100 countries have strict regulations concerning the levels of mycotoxins allowed in food products (11, 15, 17). These regulations aim to protect consumers from excessive exposure to these toxins.
Are Small Amounts of Mycotoxins Harmful?
While it’s nearly impossible to avoid exposure to mycotoxins entirely, the levels found in food are generally considered safe for healthy individuals. The exposure levels from diet don’t typically exceed safe limits. By the time mold has matured enough to produce significant amounts of toxins, the food is often visibly spoiled and likely discarded (18).
The Bottom Line
In conclusion, while mold in food can produce harmful mycotoxins, strict regulations and monitoring help keep levels within safe limits for most people. However, it’s always wise to practice good food storage and handling techniques to minimize any potential risks. If you’re concerned about mold, discarding visibly moldy food is a simple way to safeguard your health.
