Canned food is a staple in many pantries, prized for its convenience, versatility, and ability to be stored safely for extended periods. From tuna to tomatoes, canned goods are essential for quick meals and emergency preparedness. But a common question arises: how long is canned food good for after the expiration date? While canned foods are known for their long shelf life, they don’t last forever. Let’s explore the lasting power of canned foods and how to store them properly to prevent spoilage.
Understanding Dates on Canned Foods
It’s important to first understand what the dates on canned foods actually mean. These dates primarily indicate quality, not safety.
According to Mitzi Baum, MSc, a food safety instructor at Michigan State University and CEO of STOP Foodborne Illness, canned foods may have various dates, including the manufacturing date, facility information, lot code, and “use by” or “sell by” date.
“Use by” and “sell by” dates typically relate to the product’s quality, peak flavor, and freshness. Baum explains that after these dates, the manufacturer can’t guarantee the product will be at its tastiest.
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The Shelf Life of Canned Food
So, how long does canned food really last? According to food scientist Bryan Quoc Le, Ph.D., canned food can last indefinitely, or at least several years beyond the date on the label. However, the type of food inside affects its longevity.
Generally, high-acid foods like tomatoes maintain their quality for about 18 months after the “use by” or “sell by” date. Low-acid foods such as meats, beans, and vegetables can stay at their peak quality for two to five years.
Identifying When to Discard Canned Food
While canned foods can last for years, it’s essential to maintain their condition for safety. Always inspect the can before opening it. Here are some signs that indicate canned food should be discarded:
- Dents: The USDA advises against consuming food from cans that are leaking, bulging, severely dented, punctured, or rusted.
- Rust: Light rusting isn’t usually a concern. According to Baum, if you can wipe the rust off with a wet cloth, the food inside is likely safe. However, if the rust is extensive and won’t wipe off, discard the can. The Association of Food and Drug Officials provides a Packaged and Canned Food Defect Guideline with photos to help determine if a dented or rusted can is safe.
- Unusual Smells: Any canned food that emits a foul odor or spurts liquid upon opening should be thrown away immediately.
The Risk of Botulism
Deformations in cans can lead to microscopic holes, allowing small amounts of oxygen to enter. Le explains that this creates an environment where Clostridium botulinum spores can develop, potentially leading to botulism. This bacteria releases a toxin that causes botulism, a rare but serious illness affecting the body’s nerves.
Proper Storage of Canned Food
To ensure canned food remains in good condition, proper storage is crucial. Le recommends storing canned goods in a cool, dry place, as warmth and moisture can accelerate damage and rusting. Areas under the sink, above the stove, and damp basements are not ideal, as noted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Avoid exposing canned goods to extreme high or low temperatures, as this can increase the risk of spoilage or ruptured cans.
Home-Canned Goods
If processed correctly, home-canned goods can last for years, according to Baum. While the product’s quality and nutritional value may decrease over time, it should remain safe to eat. However, if the lid of a home-canned item pops or bulges, discard it immediately. Baum notes that this usually indicates that bacteria not killed during processing has grown and released gases, causing the lid to pop or expand.
Conclusion
While canned food can last for years beyond its expiration date, it’s essential to understand the factors that affect its shelf life and safety. By storing canned goods properly and inspecting them for signs of damage or spoilage, you can safely enjoy the convenience and versatility they offer. Remember, when in doubt, it’s always best to err on the side of caution and discard any questionable canned items.
