Introducing solid food to kittens, known as weaning, is a crucial stage in their development. It’s a gradual process that typically begins around three to four weeks of age. Starting too early or abruptly can stress the mother cat and the kittens, especially as they begin to explore independence from their mother and littermates. A slow and consistent weaning process promotes healthier kittens.
Around the three- to four-week mark, you can introduce wet or dry kitten food. If you opt for dry food, consider moistening it initially with water or kitten milk to make it easier for them to eat. Aim to feed them at least four times daily, or ideally, allow them ad libitum, meaning food is consistently available. Kittens fed ad lib generally eat every few hours.
Use a shallow saucer or plate for easy access. Be prepared for the kittens to step into or walk through the food, which will necessitate regular changes. Offer small portions at a time. If encouragement is needed, try placing a small amount of food on your finger or the tip of a small spoon. Over several weeks, you will observe the kittens consuming more kitten food and nursing less from their mother.
Kittens should experience steady weight gain and be fully weaned by approximately six to eight weeks of age. From this point forward, follow the food manufacturer’s recommendations for feeding quantities (typically found on the food packaging). Always provide kittens with food specifically formulated for their age, as adult food will lack the necessary nutrients for growth.
While milk replacers or commercial cat milk can be offered during weaning, they are not essential. Kittens will obtain all the required nutrition from their mother’s milk and kitten food.
Litter Tray Training for Kittens
Provide kittens with a low-sided litter tray starting at about three weeks old. Begin with sand, wood, or paper-based litter, rather than clay, as some kittens may attempt to ingest it. Silica gel litter is not recommended for kittens under eight weeks of age.
Many kittens instinctively learn how to use the litter tray by observing their mother. However, if they don’t, gently place your kitten in the tray, ideally after they have woken up or eaten, and use one of their front paws to make scratching motions in the litter. Then, gently massage the kitten’s ano-genital area (the openings beneath the tail) with a wet wipe or a damp cotton ball. Leaving a small amount of soiled litter in the tray can serve as a helpful scent cue, reminding the kitten of its purpose.
